COMPARISON BETWEEN THE PERCENTAGE OF INCIDENCE OF MASTITIS CAUSED BY Bacillus spp. AND Staphylococcus spp. IN WINTER SEASON IN KHARTOUM STATE, SUDAN

This study was conducted in certain area at Khartoum State (Eltebna, Falasteen, Shambat, Hilat Kuku, Elhalfaia, Elsamrab and The University of Khartoum farms) in winter season to determine the type of mastitis and to compare between the incidence of mastitis caused by Stapylococcus spps and Bacillus spp. The total number of dairy cows, which were examined in 34 investigated farms, amounted to 500 animals, but the number of positive cows infected with mastitis were 100. The milk samples were collected from cows due to complain of owners from clinical cases of mastitis. Hundred milk samples were collected from apparent cases of mastitis. All mastitic cases were examined by visual examination and palpation of the udder: 55% acute mastitis, 44% chronic mastitis and 1% gangrenous mastitis were diagnosed. Milk samples were cultured in Blood agar and MacConkey ́s agar for 24 hours at 37o C. The isolation of Bacillus spp. amounted 74% , these constituted 31% Bacillus coagulans, 11% B. cereus, 9% B. subtilis, 9% B. licheniformis, 4% B. circulans, 2% B. lentus, 3% B. mycoides, 3% B. amyloliquefaciens and 2% B. megaterium. The percentages of acute mastitis caused by B. coagulans was 14%, B. subtilis 8%, B. lichneformes 7% and 2% for every followed Bacillus spp. (B. cereus, B. circulans B. lentus, B. mycoides, B. amyloliquefaciens and B. megaterium). The percentage of chronic mastitis caused by Bacillus spp. were as follows: B. coagulans was 17%, B. cereus 9%, 2% for every Bacillus spp. (B. lichneformes, B. circulans and B. lentus) and 1% for every followed Bacillus spp. (B. subtilis, B. mycoides, B. amyloliquefaciens and B. megaterium). Staph aureus and Staph hyicus amounted to 24% and the percentage of chronic mastitis caused by Staph aureus was 44% and that caused by Staph hyicus was 8%. The percentage of acute mastitis caused by each species of Staph was the same 24%. Other bacteria were isolated from mastitic cows Corynebaccterium spp. 1% and Klebsiella spp. 1% and the last one was isolated from gangrenous mastitis as first report in Sudan.